Our complete data set included a total survey effort of 32,175 camera days across five camera trap surveys (825 working days), with a total of 25,254 records of 27 non-volant mammals. We collected data over 5-years (between 2013 to 2018) using line-transect and camera-trapping to evaluate poaching effects on the density, biomass, richness, and site occupancy of mammalian species. We evaluated, by accounting for imperfect detectability, the effects caused by poaching on mammals in the Vale Natural Reserve. In Brazil, hunting is illegal (hereafter referred to as poaching). On the other hand, this activity, by locally reducing or extirpating populations of game species, may be responsible for the degradation and loss of key forest maintenance services. Hunting in tropical forests provides nutrition and financial income for local communities and is deeply rooted in social and cultural traditions. leporina conservation in southeastern Brazil once the species is more susceptible to poaching at times when animals are most active. In addition to a better understanding of the temporal niche of the Red-rumped Agouti, the behavior patterns we describe here can be useful to optimize strategies for D. The influence of other factors is also discussed. Because the two study areas are at about the same latitude, we suggest that the behavioral plasticity is due to different temperature regimes associated with a local effect of altitude and topography of the terrain on the incidence of solar rays inside the forest. The difference between activity patterns in the two locations suggests plasticity in agouti behavior. There was a longer peak in the morning in the coastal area, and a higher peak in the evening in the mountains, where activity starts later and becomes less intense earlier. Activity patterns were different in the two study areas (W = 6.77, p = 0.034). Activity peaked in the morning soon after sunrise and then before and during dusk. Activity patterns were diurnal and bimodal, and animals were active for 14-15 hours each day. A total of 49 photos were taken in the mountains and 152 in the coastal area. Camera traps were used to gather data in two protected areas (one montane and other coastal) in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Here we examine temporal activity in the Red-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta leporina) in two fragments of Atlantic Forest and those factors that influence the circadian rhythm in the study areas. Timing of activity is a consequence of adaptations to daily and seasonal changes in the environment and examining these patterns is important to better understand the temporal niches of the species. The results presented herein can be a starting point to support future action plans for the species, making predictions regarding the ecosystem and management and conservation of D. Detectability increases with palm density. Occupancy and detectability decreases with distance from water resources. Occupancy increases with palm density, distance from forest edge, and canopy cover. Estimated density was 21 ± 3 individuals km–2 and estimated population size was 4935 ± 368 individuals. To model occupancy probability, as well as to document activity pattern, we selected 39 sampling sites with one camera-trap each. We surveyed four line transects between April 2013 and May 2014 to estimate density and abundance. leporina in one of the larger Atlantic Forest remnants in Espírito Santo, Brazil, the Vale Natural Reserve (VNR). Therefore, we aimed to estimate the density, occupancy and detectability of D. The conservation status needs to be updated since no recent studies have been conducted in the Atlantic Forest. The Red-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta leporina, Linnaeus, 1758) is considered common in areas where it occurs, and it is listed as Least Concern status in the IUCN red list however, in recent decades it has been negatively affected by habitat loss and hunting.
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